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Author

Kevin Doubleday

Communications Lead, Fluree

Kevin Doubleday leads communications at Fluree, where he has written more than 45 articles on knowledge graphs, semantic data infrastructure, GraphRAG, and the data foundations of trustworthy enterprise AI. His work covers data-centric architecture, verifiable data, and the semantic web — translating deep technical concepts into plain language for data leaders.

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Articles by Kevin

67 articles

Knowledge GraphsOct 23, 2026

Context Graph vs Knowledge Graph: What’s the Difference?

A context graph is a knowledge graph that also records decisions, provenance, time and policy, so agents know what was decided, why, and under which rules.

Oct 202611 min

Enterprise AIOct 23, 2026

How to Build a Context Layer for AI: Step-by-Step Guide

Build a context layer for AI in nine steps: start with one decision-grade use case, model the ontology, resolve entities, add policy, serve agents via MCP.

Oct 202616 min

Knowledge GraphsOct 23, 2026

How to Build a Knowledge Graph: Step-by-Step Guide

To build a knowledge graph, plan one use case, model an ontology, integrate and resolve data, extract from documents, then validate, query and maintain.

Oct 202619 min

Knowledge GraphsOct 23, 2026

Knowledge Base vs Knowledge Graph: Key Differences

A knowledge base stores articles people read; a knowledge graph stores entities and relationships software can query. How they differ and work together.

Oct 20269 min

Graph DatabasesOct 23, 2026

Neo4j Limitations and What to Use Instead (2026)

Neo4j’s main limits: Enterprise-only clustering and security, one writer per database, memory-bound sizing, no native RDF. Sourced, with alternatives.

Oct 202614 min

Knowledge GraphsOct 23, 2026

What Is a Knowledge Graph? The Complete Guide

A knowledge graph links real-world entities and their relationships under a shared ontology, so people and AI can query data in context. Here’s how.

Oct 202619 min

Enterprise AISep 17, 2026

Tagging Unstructured Documents for AI: Four Levels of Richness

What each level of document tagging buys, from vision models to ontology-guided extraction, what it costs at scale, and how to stop paying tokens on every page.

Sep 202627 min

Enterprise AISep 14, 2026

One Ontology or Many? What Survives Contact with Production Agents

A buyer asked whether to build one enterprise ontology or one per use case. Here are the six tests production agents apply, and the shape that passes them.

Sep 202619 min

Thought LeadershipSep 10, 2026

From Defense to Offense: Making Financial Data AI-Ready (and Revenue-Ready)

AI readiness and data monetization are the same initiative: a unified, governed, trustworthy view of the customer. What it takes, and how Fluree and Graphable deliver it.

Sep 20264 min

Company NewsSep 8, 2026

Fluree and Graphable Partner to Help Financial Institutions Turn Data Into an AI-Ready, Revenue-Generating Asset

Fluree’s semantic knowledge graph platform plus Graphable’s data engineering expertise: AI readiness and data monetization for banks, insurers, and financial firms.

Sep 20264 min

Enterprise AISep 8, 2026

Guide to the Enterprise AI Context Layer

What an enterprise AI context layer is, why agents fail without one, the Four Tiers of Enterprise Context, and how to add one without ripping out your stack.

Sep 202621 min

IndustryAug 25, 2026

One Intelligence Layer, From Supplier Contract to Shelf: Fluree for Consumer Packaged Goods

CPG runs on decisions whose context is scattered across ERP, trade, PLM, and CRM systems. Fluree connects it into one governed knowledge graph AI agents can trust — from trade promotion to the plant floor.

Aug 202614 min

Enterprise AIAug 24, 2026

Glean Alternatives in 2026: 7 Enterprise AI Search Platforms Compared

Microsoft 365 Copilot, Guru, Onyx, GoSearch, Coveo, Notion AI, and Fluree compared on permissions, agents, deployment, and pricing.

Aug 202626 min

Knowledge GraphsAug 24, 2026

Neo4j Alternatives in 2026: 6 Graph Databases Compared Honestly

ArangoDB, Memgraph, TigerGraph, Neptune, FalkorDB, and Fluree compared on licensing, query languages, scale, and pricing — with honest trade-offs.

Aug 202625 min

Enterprise AIAug 24, 2026

Weaviate Alternatives in 2026: 7 Vector Search Options Compared

Pinecone, Qdrant, Milvus, Chroma, pgvector, Elasticsearch, and Fluree compared on deployment, memory economics, hybrid search, and pricing.

Aug 202623 min

Enterprise AIAug 23, 2026

Multimodal GraphRAG: Connecting Text, Images, and Audio

Multimodal models read an image and a transcript. They can’t tell you both are about the same asset. The connective tissue is a graph, not an embedding.

Aug 202617 min

Enterprise AIAug 17, 2026

Building Intelligent Memory for AI Agents: Beyond the Context Window

Agents don’t have memory — they have a context window that empties. Four kinds of memory agents actually need, and why a graph is the substrate that holds them.

Aug 202619 min

Enterprise AIAug 14, 2026

Grounding LLMs: Why Knowledge Graph Quality Sets Your Accuracy Ceiling

Grounding an LLM in a knowledge graph only helps if the graph is good. Four properties decide how far your accuracy actually climbs — and where it stops.

Aug 202617 min

Company NewsJul 23, 2026

Fluree Launches Fluree AI to Transform Data Siloes into Institutional Memory

Fluree today announced the general availability of Fluree AI — a serverless knowledge graph platform that turns data siloes into governed institutional memory.

Jul 20264 min

Enterprise AIJul 9, 2026

Agentic Memory, Priced: Why Fluree Memory Is the Token-Efficient Way to Give Agents Context

Transcript replay is the hidden tax on every agentic workflow. Here’s how write-back agentic memory keeps per-question context flat — and the AI bill predictable.

Jul 202610 min

Enterprise AIJul 7, 2026

Why AI Needs a Knowledge Graph: Durable Data, Explicit Meaning, Consistent Answers

LLMs generate language — they don’t know your business. Why explicit meaning, durable data assets, and answers you can repeat make knowledge graphs the missing foundation for enterprise AI.

Jul 202617 min

Thought LeadershipJul 6, 2026

Fluree in Production: Why JSON-LD Native Beats JSON-LD Compatible for Enterprise AI

Not all RDF databases treat JSON-LD the same way. A production-criteria comparison of Fluree, Stardog, GraphDB, AllegroGraph, and RDFox — benchmark, comparison table, and a decision framework for 2026.

Jul 202614 min

Thought LeadershipJul 3, 2026

The Right Database for AI Agents: Why Governed Enterprise Intelligence Needs a Semantic Graph

Data warehouses were built for human analysts running known queries. AI agents are not human analysts. Here’s what governed enterprise data infrastructure actually requires when autonomous systems are in the loop.

Jul 202610 min

Company NewsJun 23, 2026

Fluree Launches Verifiable Knowledge Graph Database for Agentic AI

Fluree today announced the general availability of FlureeDB — a semantic graph database engineered for an era in which every answer, human or machine, must be fast, defensible, and traceable to its source.

Jun 20267 min

Thought LeadershipJun 10, 2026

Best Enterprise Knowledge Graph Software in 2026

An honest 2026 comparison of enterprise knowledge graph software: Neo4j, Memgraph, Stardog, Fluree, Graphwise, eccenca, and AWS Neptune, plus a shortlist guide.

Jun 202625 min

Thought LeadershipMar 17, 2026

How to Build a Semantic Layer for Enterprise AI with Fluree

Only 7% of enterprises have AI-ready data. A knowledge graph semantic layer breaks the 80% accuracy ceiling — and here is the architecture to build one.

Mar 202622 min

Thought LeadershipFeb 26, 2026

Introducing Business Intelligence Without the BI Software

For all of its advanced capabilities and $30 billion market size, business intelligence (BI) still doesn’t get used much by companies with less than 5,000…

Feb 20267 min

Thought LeadershipFeb 10, 2026

GraphRAG vs. Vector RAG: When Knowledge Graphs Outperform Semantic Search

Vector RAG fails when answers live in connections, not content. Seven scenarios where GraphRAG traversal decisively outperforms semantic similarity search.

Feb 202610 min

Thought LeadershipJan 29, 2026

Why GenAI Security Starts at the Data Layer

AI agents on uncontrolled data inherit every SaaS vulnerability. Data-centric security that embeds policies at the data layer is the only durable fix.

Jan 20265 min

Thought LeadershipDec 8, 2025

How Semantic Data Accelerates CMC Regulatory Compliance in LifeSciences

Semantic ontologies map CMC data across LIMS, ERP, and MES — compressing regulatory timelines and building reusable drug manufacturing knowledge assets.

Dec 20254 min

Thought LeadershipNov 17, 2025

Enterprise AI Accuracy: Guide to Reliable Systems

GraphRAG and semantic knowledge graphs break the 80% accuracy ceiling that stalls enterprise AI — a guide to reliable, hallucination-resistant AI systems.

Nov 202526 min

Enterprise AINov 4, 2025

Why Enterprise AI Hallucinates (And How to Fix It)

In Fluree's 2024 study, traditional RAG plateaued at 80% accuracy while semantic GraphRAG reached 95%+ — by feeding LLMs explicit relationships instead of fragmented chunks.

Nov 202523 min

Enterprise AIOct 16, 2025

GraphRAG & Knowledge Graphs: Making Your Data AI-Ready for 2026

78% of businesses lack AI-ready data. Knowledge graphs and GraphRAG close the gap between AI ambitions and the siloed reality of enterprise data.

Oct 20256 min

Thought LeadershipJun 10, 2025

Controlling LLMs with Enterprise Taxonomies

LLM reliability hinges on the data it is grounded in. Enterprise taxonomies with SKOS, version control, and real-time APIs are the unglamorous key.

Jun 20254 min

Enterprise AIJun 10, 2025

For AI Business Transformation, Look Beyond SaaS

Siloing AI inside SaaS apps produces efficiency, not transformation. Business AI value requires unified data and context — not more point-solution agents.

Jun 20254 min

Thought LeadershipApr 25, 2025

Automating Regulatory Compliance in Pharma with Knowledge Graphs

Drug authorization takes 40 people 24 months to compile. Knowledge graphs and semantic ontologies turn that burden into a reusable, regulatory-ready asset.

Apr 20254 min

Thought LeadershipMar 20, 2025

How to Create a Knowledge Graph for Analytics

Siloed data hides relationships behind real decisions. A guide to building a knowledge graph that turns disconnected enterprise data into analytic power.

Mar 20255 min

Thought LeadershipMar 3, 2025

Towards an Error-Free Enterprise LLM

Fine-tuning and prompt engineering hit a wall at enterprise scale. A universal ontology within a knowledge graph is what gets LLMs to near-100% accuracy.

Mar 202511 min

Enterprise AIOct 16, 2024

How Linked Data Can Help Improve LLM Accuracy and Effectiveness

Linked data standards — RDF, SPARQL, OWL — give LLMs a map instead of a guess, improving RAG accuracy and unifying siloed enterprise knowledge for GenAI.

Oct 20246 min

Company NewsSep 16, 2024

Fluree Expands European Presence Through Strategic Partnership with Semantic Partners

This partnership represents Fluree’s commitment to broadening its reach in Europe. Semantic Partners, with its headquarters in London and a team across…

Sep 20242 min

Thought LeadershipSep 5, 2024

Taxonomies Versus Ontologies: A Short Guide

Taxonomies classify; ontologies reason. Knowing which to use — and when — determines whether an AI data layer can handle real enterprise domain complexity.

Sep 20246 min

Enterprise AIAug 30, 2024

Building Corporate Memory for Enterprise LLMs

Organizations today are likely hitting their peak of inflated expectations after a few rounds of LLM Proof of Concepts.

Aug 20249 min

Enterprise AIJul 16, 2024

How Decentralized GraphRAG Improves GenAI Accuracy

In Fluree's 2024 RAG benchmark study, decentralized knowledge graphs reached 95%+ GenAI accuracy versus 80% at best for relational RAG — solving both the accuracy gap and the secure data access barrier.

Jul 20248 min

Company NewsJul 9, 2024

Fluree Named a 2024 Gartner Cool Vendor in Data Management

WINSTON-SALEM, N.C. — July 2, 2024 – Fluree, a leading provider of knowledge graph and semantic fabric solutions, today announced it has been included in…

Jul 20243 min

Thought LeadershipApr 11, 2024

Model, Map, Connect: How Fluree Builds Sustainable Knowledge Systems

Fluree’s Model-Map-Connect framework turns siloed data into a governed knowledge graph through ontology modeling, AI classification, and embedded security.

Apr 20246 min

ProductFeb 28, 2024

What is SHACL?

SHACL validates RDF knowledge graphs against declarative shape constraints — a W3C standard for scalable, policy-driven data quality in semantic data work.

Feb 20244 min

Thought LeadershipFeb 8, 2024

LLMs Are Becoming Less Accurate. Here’s Where Knowledge Graphs Can Help

Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4 have been at the forefront of the recent AI craze, offering jaw-dropping capabilities in (seemingly) understanding…

Feb 20246 min

Thought LeadershipJan 23, 2024

What is JSON-LD?

Fluree has officially released native JSON-LD support. But what exactly is JSON-LD, and why does it matter?

Jan 20249 min

ProductNov 30, 2023

Launching Fluree Version 3: The Next Generation JSON-LD Database

Fluree V3 fuses JSON-LD with embedded access policies, cryptographic lineage, and shared vocabularies — making trusted data sharing a native capability.

Nov 20232 min

Thought LeadershipNov 16, 2023

What is an Immutable Database?

Immutable databases log every change in a cryptographic audit trail. Append-only design enables time travel queries, tamper detection, and compliance.

Nov 20234 min

Thought LeadershipSep 19, 2023

Making Data FAIR(EST)

As a quick recap, the FAIR principles of data management emphasize Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability of data.

Sep 20237 min

Thought LeadershipAug 2, 2023

RDF Versus LPG: Which is better for Knowledge Graphs?

Knowledge graphs are powerful frameworks for organizing, linking, and sharing data with universal meaning.

Aug 20235 min

Thought LeadershipJun 7, 2023

Making Knowledge Graphs Operational

Most knowledge graphs are read-only analytical layers. Here’s how to make them operational — powering read/write applications across every business domain.

Jun 20234 min

Thought LeadershipApr 6, 2023

So You Think You’re Ready for an Enterprise Knowledge Graph?

“60-73% of enterprise data goes unused. Before a knowledge graph delivers value, data quality, interoperability, and governance must be addressed first.”

Apr 202310 min

Thought LeadershipFeb 17, 2023

Top Trends in Data Sharing for 2023

Privacy governance, verifiable credentials, decentralized sharing, and semantic interoperability: the data trends reshaping enterprise strategy for 2023.

Feb 20237 min

Thought LeadershipJan 30, 2023

Improving Master Data Management with Supervised Machine Learning

Rules-based MDM breaks under volume and variety. Supervised ML trained by subject matter experts cuts time-to-golden-record from months to weeks.

Jan 20239 min

Thought LeadershipNov 15, 2022

How to Eliminate Dirty Data – For Good

Dirty data costs U.S. businesses $3 trillion a year because the architecture that creates it remains untouched. A two-step path to eliminating it for good.

Nov 202211 min

Company NewsSep 22, 2022

Why we’ve joined forces with ZettaLabs

Fluree acquired ZettaLabs to bridge chaotic legacy data and graph infrastructure, combining supervised ML mastering with semantic, policy-embedded storage.

Sep 20227 min

Thought LeadershipJan 10, 2022

What are Verifiable Credentials? Why do they matter?

Physical credentials are insecure the moment they touch digital systems. Verifiable credentials and DIDs give cryptographic trust without centralized risk.

Jan 20225 min

Data ManagementAug 31, 2021

Data-Centric Sharing

Welcome to part 5 of our data-centric architecture series! We’ve covered the basics of the data-centric architecture - Digital Trust, Security, Semantic…

Aug 202111 min

Data ManagementAug 12, 2021

Data-Centric Time

Welcome to part four of Fluree’s Data-Centric Architecture series, where we peel back each layer of Fluree’s data-centric architecture stack.

Aug 20216 min

ProductJul 8, 2021

Time Traveling with Fluree

Fluree’s immutable ledger enables time travel queries — retrieving data state at any past moment and auditing every transaction, with cryptographic proof.

Jul 202114 min

Data ManagementMay 5, 2021

Data-Centric Security

Welcome to part three of Fluree’s Data-Centric Architecture series, where we peel back each layer of Fluree’s data-centric architecture stack.

May 20218 min

Data ManagementMar 10, 2021

Semantic Interoperability: Exchanging Data with Meaning

Welcome to part two of our Data-Centric Blog Series, where we peel back each layer of Fluree’s data-centric architecture stack.

Mar 20216 min

Data ManagementJan 19, 2021

Data-Centric Trust

Cryptographic signatures and immutable ledgers make data trust provable — a time-stamped record of every origin, change, and access in the data lifecycle.

Jan 20217 min

Data ManagementOct 5, 2020

Introduction to Data-Centricity

Application-centric architectures produce siloed, perishable data. Data-centricity flips the stack, treating information as the reusable core asset.

Oct 20207 min

Thought LeadershipJul 8, 2020

Making Data FAIR

FAIR principles — Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable — provide a standards-based framework for AI-ready, machine-readable enterprise data.

Jul 20209 min